Generative models such as GAN, VAE, Flow-based models, and Diffusion models are being effectively applied to generate financial data for quantitative investment purposes in several ways:
GANs are used to generate synthetic financial data that captures the statistical properties of real data, which can be used to augment the original dataset. They have been applied to financial time series data, such as daily S&P 500 Index values and FTSE 100 index values, to create new data with the same statistics as the training set.
VAEs are popular for generating synthetic data in the financial domain, addressing privacy concerns. They have been used to generate synthetic financial tabular data, with methods proposed to assess the impact of inputted tabular data on data synthesis.
Flow-based models, while not specifically mentioned in the search results, are known for their ability to model complex distributions and could be adapted for financial data generation, potentially offering a smooth and invertible transformation of data.
Diffusion models have been developed to generate real-world financial tabular data for regulatory tasks such as economic scenario modeling, stress tests, and fraud detection. FinDiff, a diffusion model, uses embedding encodings to model mixed modality financial data, including both categorical and numeric types.
These models are valuable for stress testing, backtesting trading strategies, and training machine learning models without risking exposure of sensitive financial data. They also help in creating synthetic datasets for model development and training, which can be particularly useful when real data is scarce or expensive to obtain.
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